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Primary Psoas Muscle Abscess Diagnosed and Treated During Pregnancy: Case Report and Literature Review
A. Gezer,S. Erkan,B. Saygi Erzik,C. T. Erel
Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology , 2004, DOI: 10.1080/10647440400020695
Abstract: Background: Primary psoas muscle abscess is rare and can be difficult to diagnose, particularly during pregnancy.
Acute cardiotoxic effects of high dose toluene: an experimental study
Ufuk Ta？,Fatih Ekici,Fatih Ko？,Erkan S？？üt
Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi , 2013,
Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to investigate the acute cardiotoxic effects of high dose toluene and its damage mechanisms on heart tissue in the acute period.Methods: Twenty adult male Wistar Albino rats (200-220 g) were used in this controlled experimental animal study. Animals were divided into two equal groups: a control group (Group 1) and a high dose (6 mL/kg/gavage) toluene-administered group (Group 2). Arterial blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) values were measured at 30th, 60th and 90th minutes after toluene was administered. At the end of the experimental period, blood samples and heart tissues were taken from the rats. Serum troponin T levels were assayed. Heart tissue sections were stained using routine histological methods and examined under a light microscope. In addition, the sections were immunohistochemically stained using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method to determine caspase-3 immunoreactivity and TUNEL to detect apoptosis. To compare the apoptotic index, the Mann-Whitney U test was used. For comparisons between the two groups, the independent t- test was used. In addition, time-based changes of intra-group parameters were evaluated using paired t tests. Results: BP and HR values were low in toluene-treated rats compared to the control group. Troponin T levels were increased in toluene-administered animals as compared with controls [Toluene group: 0.140 (0.010-2.000) ng/mL vs control group: 0.010 (0.010-0.010) ng/mL, p=0.01]. Histopathologic examination of heart tissue sections showed congestion and edema in toluene administrated rats. Higher TUNEL positivity and (+++) immunoreactivity for caspase-3 protein were observed in the toluene group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that high doses of toluene cause apoptosis and may lead to impairment of cardiac function in the acute period.
Localisation of Aquaporin-1 In Diabetic Rat Retina and Ciliary Body
Sevil ？ayl？,Hüseyin Ortak,Ufuk Ta？,Erkan S？？üt
Journal of Clinical and Analytical Medicine , 2012, DOI: 10.4328
Abstract: Aim: Aquaporins are membrane water channels that play critical roles in controlling the water contents of cells. Diabetic retinopathy is associated with alterations in aquaporin water channel expression. We aimed to investigate the distribution of aquaporin 1 in non diabetic and diabetic rat retina and ciliary body. Material and Method: Eyeballs from diabetic and non diabetic rats were examined by immunohistochemistry. H-Score analysis was used for the evaluation of immunohistochemistry. Results: Aquaporin 1 immunoreactivity was found in the ganglionic cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), the inner nuclear layer (INL), inner segment (IS) of photoreceptor layer (PRL) and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in diabetic and non diabetic rat retina and significantly increased in the diabetic rat retinas. In addition, epithelial cells of ciliary bodies were immunpositive for Aquaporin 1. No significant alterations were observed in the retinal morphology in the diabetic rats compared to non-diabetic rats. However, the demarcation between the INL and ONL was not noticed in diabetic retinas. Discussion: Our results indicate that Aquaporin 1 immunoreactivity in the diabetic rat retina and ciliary body significantly increases compared to non-diabetic rats. These results suggest that an increased expression of Aquaporin 1 in the diabetic rat retina and ciliary body may be one of the reason for retinopathy.
Bayesian testing of many hypotheses $\times$ many genes: A study of sleep apnea
Shane T. Jensen,Ibrahim Erkan,Erna S. Arnardottir,Dylan S. Small
Statistics , 2009, DOI: 10.1214/09-AOAS241
Abstract: Substantial statistical research has recently been devoted to the analysis of large-scale microarray experiments which provide a measure of the simultaneous expression of thousands of genes in a particular condition. A typical goal is the comparison of gene expression between two conditions (e.g., diseased vs. nondiseased) to detect genes which show differential expression. Classical hypothesis testing procedures have been applied to this problem and more recent work has employed sophisticated models that allow for the sharing of information across genes. However, many recent gene expression studies have an experimental design with several conditions that requires an even more involved hypothesis testing approach. In this paper, we use a hierarchical Bayesian model to address the situation where there are many hypotheses that must be simultaneously tested for each gene. In addition to having many hypotheses within each gene, our analysis also addresses the more typical multiple comparison issue of testing many genes simultaneously. We illustrate our approach with an application to a study of genes involved in obstructive sleep apnea in humans.
Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the SUR1 gene with type 2 diabetes and obesity in Turkish patients
Osman Evliyaoglu,Enver Sancaktar,Erkan S？？üt,Mustafa Kemal Ba？aral？4
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations , 2011,
Abstract: Sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) gene codes the SUR1 protein that plays a key role in glucose-induced insulin secretion. In this study, we have investigated the relationship between the polymorphism in exon 31 of the SUR1 gene and type 2 diabetes, and its association with obesity in Turkish diabetic patients.Materials and methods: 90 patients (45 males and 45 females, aged 43-70 years old) who were followed up in the diabetes outpatient clinic were enrolled in the study. Serum glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol and blood HbA1c levels were determined. The SNPs in exon 31 were examined by a polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.Results: A significant increase in the frequency of the A allele was observed in type 2 diabetic patients compared with that of the control group (41% vs. 24%, p<0.01), and this association was stronger in the subgroup of patients with obesity (A allele 44%, p<0.01). There was a significant difference in genotype distribution of exon 31 R1273R SNP between the patients and controls (P=0.01), especially between the patients with obesity and the control group (P=0.007).Conclusion: This study reports that the SNP in exon 31 of the SUR1 gene is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Turkish patients with concomitant obesity, suggesting interactions of SUR1 variants with type 2 diabetes and obesity. J Clin Exp Invest 2011;2(2):161-7
Nosocomial infections in a district hospital in Turkey.
Alicem Tekin,Erkan Yula,Keramettin Yan?k,S？leyman Durmaz,T？rkan Toka ？zer,？zcan Deveci
- , 2015,
Abstract: Nosocomial infections are significantly important health problems for both hospitals and patients. No data are available on nosocomial infections in South-East Anatolian region of Turkey region. This study was performed to determine the nosocomial infection rate and type in Kiziltepe State Hospital, Mardin within one year. The surveillance data of nosocomial infections in Kiziltepe State Hospital between January 1st and December 31th, 2010, was evaluated retrospectively. The epidemiological data was collected by laboratory and hospital-based active surveillance method between January and December 2010. 10,410 patients were hospitalized during this period. 27 (0.26%) hospital-acquired infections were detected. Incidence density was calculated to be 1.46. The highest rate of hospital infections (0.50%) was seen in the intensive care unit. The highest rate of infection was observed in the Thoracic Surgery Clinic (4.1%). In total, 55.5% of detected hospital-acquired infections were surgical site infections, 25.9% urinary tract infections and 11.1% were pneumonia. The frequency of nosocomial infections was found to be low in this hospital compared to other hospital infection rates reports from Turkey. The low infection rate was related with rapid patient circulation. The rate of nosocomial infection is high in intensive care unit patients, especially for surgical site infections. The results provide epidemiological information that will help to implement infection control policies in this hospital
Editorial
Tülay Erkan
Turk Pediatri Ar？ivi , 2009,
Abstract: ..
Food additives - Invited Author
Tülay Erkan
Turk Pediatri Ar？ivi , 2010,
Abstract: Food additives are defined as substances which aren’t consumed alone as food, but are permitted to be used to protect, fix and prevent unwanted changes of food during preparation, classification, processing, packaging, transportation, storage and distribution of them. The purpose is to extend the shelf life of foods, to preserve the food qualities, to improve/develop sensory properties, to prevent the health risks, to reduce food losses, to have the technological requirement, to increase food diversity, to protect the human health. Food additives are grouped under three main headings to be in the form of colorants, sweeteners and other additives. The use of food additives is regulated by laws. The purpose of these regulations is to prevent poor use of food additives and their adverse effects on health. Because the use of food additives has been became inevitable, the awareness has became necessary. Control of food label and sale conditions are very important considerations. (Turk Arch Ped 2010; 45: 315-8)
The Invasion of Iran by the Allies during World War II
Süleyman Erkan
Codrul Cosminului , 2010,
Abstract: When the Nazi Germany attacked the Soviets at the beginning of World War II, the USA, the UK and the Soviet Union took part on the same side and were called the Allies. In order to convey the military aid to the Soviets through Iran, the USA and the UK invaded Iran with the Soviets and dethroned Ahmad Reza Shah, who felt sympathy for Germany. By signing a treaty in 1942, they pledged to evacuate their troops from Iran six months after the war ended. They published a declaration that they would protect Iran’s territorial integrity as well as they repeated these decisions during the conference they made in Tehran in 1943. However; despite these decisions, a hidden rivalry began between the USSR and the West in Iran. The rivalry became very clear towards the end of the war. The Soviets wouldn’t withdraw from Iran. Additionally, they endeavored to divide Iran. The Iran crisis of 1946 between the West and the Soviets formed the start of the Cold War according to some people. As a country, Iran was highly affected by this process.
Hydrophobic models of protein folding and the thermodynamics of chain-boundary interactions
Erzan, Ayse;Tüzel, Erkan;
Brazilian Journal of Physics , 2003, DOI: 10.1590/S0103-97332003000300018
Abstract: we review some results concerning the energetic and dynamical consequences of taking a generic hydrophobic model of a random polypeptide chain, where the effective hydrophobic interactions are represented by hookean springs. then we present a set of calculations on a microscopic model of hydrophobic interactions, investigating the behaviour of a hydrophobic chain in the vicinity of a hydrophobic boundary. we conclude with some speculations as to the thermodynamics of pre-biotic functions proteins may have discharged very early on in the evolutionary past.
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